History of cricket

A basic form of the sport can be traced back to theHambledon was the game's greatest club and its
13th century, but it may have existed even earlierfocal point. MCC quickly became the sport's premier
than that. The game seems to have originatedclub and the custodian of the Laws of Cricket.
among children of the farming and metalworkingThe 19th Century saw underarm replaced by first
communities in the Weald between Kent and Sussex.roundarm and then overarm bowling. Both
Written evidence exists of a game known as creagdevelopments were accompanied by major
being played by Prince Edward, the son of Edward Icontroversy. The concept of a "champion county"
(Longshanks), at Newenden, Kent in 1300.arose in the 1820s and then, starting with Sussex
In 1598, a court case referred to a sport calledCCC in 1839, county clubs were founded and these
kreckett being played at the Royal Grammar School,ultimately formed a County Championship.
Guildford around 1550. The Oxford English DictionaryIn 1859, a team of England players went on the first
gives this as the first recorded instance of cricket inoverseas tour (to North America) and 18 years later
the English language.another England team took part in the first-ever
A number of words are thought to be possibleTest match at the Melbourne Cricket Ground against
sources for the term cricket. The name may deriveAustralia.
from a term for the cricket bat: old French criquetThe legendary W G Grace started his long career in
(meaning a kind of club) or Flemish krick(e) (meaning1864. It can fairly be said that he revolutionised the
a stick) or in Old English crycc (meaning a crutch orsport and did much to ensure its massive popularity.
staff). (The latter is problematic, since Old English 'cc'The last two decades before the First World War
was palatal in pronunciation in the south and the westhave been called the "Golden Age of Cricket". It is
midlands, roughly ch, which is how crycc leads toalmost certainly a nostalgic idea based on the sense
crych and thence crutch; the 'k' sound would beof loss brought about by the war, but even so the
possible in the north, however.) Alternatively, theperiod did produce some great players and
French criquet apparently derives from the Flemishmemorable matches, especially as organised
word krickstoel, which is a long low stool on whichcompetition at county and Test level developed.
one kneels in church and which resembles the longThe inter-war years were dominated by one player:
low wicket with two stumps used in early cricket.Don Bradman, statistically the greatest batsman of all
During the 17th century, numerous referencestime. It was the determination of the England team
indicate the growth of cricket in the south-east ofto overcome his incredible skill that brought about the
England. By the end of the century, it had become aninfamous Bodyline series in 1932/33.
organised activity being played for high stakes and itCricket entered an epochal era in 1963, when English
is likely that the first professionals appeared in thatcounties modified the rules to provide a variant
period. We know that a great cricket match withmatch form that produced a certain result: games
eleven players a side was played for high stakes inwith a restricted number of overs per side. This
Sussex in 1697 and this is the earliest reference wegained widespread popularity and resulted in the birth
have to cricket in terms of such importance.of One-day International (ODI) matches in 1971. The
The game underwent major development in the 18thgoverning International Cricket Council quickly
Century and had become the national sport ofadopted the new form and held the first ODI Cricket
England by the end of the century. Betting played aWorld Cup in 1975. Since then, ODI matches have
major part in that development and rich patronsgained mass spectatorship, at the expense of the
began forming their own "select XIs". Cricket waslonger form of the game and to the consternation of
prominent in London as early as 1707 and largefans who prefer the longer form of the game.
crowds flocked to matches on the Artillery Ground inAs of the early 2000s, however, the longer form of
Finsbury. The Hambledon Club was founded in thecricket is experiencing a growing resurgence in
1760s but its team was already playing first-classpopularity but a new limited overs phenomenon,
matches in 1756. For the next 20 years until theTwenty20, has made an immediate impact.
formation of MCC and the opening of Lord's in 1787,