Cricket: The Global Development of Cricket

Cricket is a sport of English origin, which has becomeGlamorgan (1921); the competition was attracting
increasingly influenced by international interest. Asinterest across England and Wales. The county
commercial opportunities have arisen, the sport haschampionship had no fixed setup until after the
made itself more appealing to its followers.Second World War. In 1968 a format was agreed
There is evidence to suggest cricket was played, inthat stayed in place until the 1990s. By this time
some form as long ago as the 11th century, but itcounty cricket was in disarray; teams were getting
was not until 1646 when the first organised gameinto debt as crowds sharply declined.
took place for a bet of twelve candles.After the addition of an eighteenth county, a two
Cricket continued to develop for another hundreddivision championship was set up to remedy the
years or so without any standard written rules. Theproblem of diminished interest, but this did little to
earliest laws of the game were formally composed inhelp the crumbling county game, which still struggles
1744. Although it would be another 43 years beforegreatly as gate revenue fails to compensate for
any central governing body existed. In 1787overheads.
Marylebone Cricket Club (more commonly known asHowever the tale of the international game is very
the MCC) was set up at Lord's Cricket Ground todifferent. England and Australia began to play against
protect the standard laws of cricket.other countries. South Africa became an official test
The MCC was to be the international guardian ofcricket nation in 1888. West Indies, New Zealand and
cricket for another two hundred years and it is still toIndia followed in the years after World War One.
this day, the copyright holder of the "Laws ofPakistan became a test nation when they split from
Cricket".India in 1947.
Despite its previously strong English history, the firstFrom then on no major changes occurred in
international cricket game was between the USA andinternational cricket, until 1970 when South Africa
Canada in New Jersey in 1844. The MCC laterwere suspended for their government's policy of
adopted a policy to encourage the globalapartheid.
development of cricket - particularly in British colonies,The following year, a one day match was trialled
where the sport was becoming increasingly popular.between Australia and England. This form proved to
The first international game played by England wasbe more attractive than test cricket, since then
not until 1877, when James Lillywhite captained a sideone-day-international series have regularly
that travelled to Australia and lost at the Melbourneaccompanied headlining test series between all
Cricket Ground. The event was a tremendousnations. A regular World Cup now takes place every
success and arrangements were hurriedly made for afour years as a one-day-international tournament.
rematch, which was won by England. This lengthyIn 1993 came the biggest sign of the shift in world
format of match (typically lasting five days) was tocricket - the MCC handed over global authority to the
become "test cricket".International Cricket Council, whilst allowing the ECB
Australia played a return match in 1882 and defeated(England and Wales Cricket Board) to handle
England at the Oval. It was seen as a national shamedomestic affairs. Regardless of its decline, it still holds
and a mock obituary appeared in The Sporting Timesthe copyright to the Laws of Cricket.
the following day. It announced the death of EnglishToday the ICC fully controls world cricket and the
cricket, infamously stating "the body will be crematedgame's new power base is arguably India; a country
and the ashes taken to Australia". This later spawnedof one billion inhabitants where cricket is the sole
an ongoing battle between the nations for ownershipnational sport, but growth is global; Sri Lanka,
of these fabled Ashes.Zimbabwe and Bangladesh have all gained test status
Regardless of the national team's failure at that time,in the past quarter of a century and South Africa
domestic cricket in England continued to thrive. Andwere reinstated in 1991.
eventually, in 1890 the inaugural County ChampionshipCricket is continuing to flourish in more and more
took place, comprising eight regional teams.countries and with the teams choosing to employ
It had expanded to fifteen teams by 1900 and withmore attractive tactics; the sport's future has never
the addition of Northamptonshire (1905) andlooked more prosperous than it does now.